Wellington, New Zealand
kirpal2singh@yahoo.com
Sadd
The Bani SAAD in Raamkali Raag by Baba Sundar Ji appears on pages 923-924 in Guru Granth Sahib. This was supposed to be composed around the time when Guru Amar Das Ji was to leave his human body.
It enshrines a Gurmat Code of Conduct as what is to be done at the time of death of our relatives. This is in the background all kinds of crying, weeping and doing ‘Siapas’ that are usually observed on the day of death and on days and weeks to come by. In some cases rituals of going on pilgrimages and Sarads are practiced for bringing peace to the departed souls. Gurmat condemns all such empty practices.
Obviously Baba Sundar Ji in composing ‘Sadd’ was fully aware of the following messages of sweet Will of Waheguru as given by Guru Nanak Sahib regarding life and death of human-beings:-
– ਜੋ ਆਇਆ ਸੋ ਚਲਸੀ ਅਮਰੁ ਸੁ ਗੁਰੁ ਕਰਤਾਰੁ ॥ (Sri Raag M. 1, GGS. 63-13).
Whoever comes must also go. Only the Guru and the Creator are Eternal.
– ਜੋ ਆਇਆ ਸੋ ਚਲਸੀ ਸਭੁ ਕੋਈ ਆਈ ਵਾਰੀਐ ॥ (Raag Asa M. 1, GGS.474-2)
Whoever has come, shall depart; all shall have their turn.
Sundar Ji traces the spiritual strength of the successive Sikh Gurus (who preceded him ) on their understanding of Gur-Sabd and Naam. This forms the basis for him to develop the Code of Conduct at the time of death as prescribed by him:-
ਜਗਿ ਦਾਤਾ ਸੋਇ ਭਗਤਿ ਵਛਲੁ ਤਿਹੁ ਲੋਇ ਜੀਉ ॥ ਗੁਰ ਸਬਦਿ ਸਮਾਵਏ ਅਵਰੁ ਨ ਜਾਣੈ ਕੋਇ ਜੀਉ ॥ (Raag Raamkali, Baba Sundar, GGS. 923-2).
He is the Great Giver of the Universe, the Lover of His devotees, throughout the three worlds. One who is merged in the Word of the Guru’s Sabd does not know any other.
ਅਵਰੋ ਨ ਜਾਣਹਿ ਸਬਦਿ ਗੁਰ ਕੈ ਏਕੁ ਨਾਮੁ ਧਿਆਵਹੇ ॥ ਪਰਸਾਦਿ ਨਾਨਕ ਗੁਰੂ ਅੰਗਦ ਪਰਮ ਪਦਵੀ ਪਾਵਹੇ ॥
Dwelling upon the Word of the Guru’s Shabad, he does not know any other; he meditates on the One Name of the Lord. By the Grace of Guru Nanak and Guru Angad, Guru Amar Das obtained the supreme status.
Sundar Ji captures the last moments of Guru Amar Das Ji who is engrossed in the Naam of Waheguru and is by accepting the sweet Will of Waheguru Guru Ji gets ready to merge with Waheguru with a prayer to stay imbibed in Waheguru Naam as the protector to swim through the world ocean:-
ਆਇਆ ਹਕਾਰਾ ਚਲਣਵਾਰਾ ਹਰਿ ਰਾਮ ਨਾਮਿ ਸਮਾਇਆ ॥ ਜਗਿ ਅਮਰੁ ਅਟਲੁ ਅਤੋਲੁ ਠਾਕੁਰੁ ਭਗਤਿ ਤੇ ਹਰਿ ਪਾਇਆ I੧॥ (Raag Raamkali, Baba Sundar, GGS. 923-4).
And when the call came for Him to depart, He merged in the Name of the Lord. Through devotional worship in this world, the imperishable, immovable, immeasurable Lord is found. ||1||
ਹਰਿ ਭਾਣਾ ਗੁਰ ਭਾਇਆ ਗੁਰੁ ਜਾਵੈ ਹਰਿ ਪ੍ਰਭ ਪਾਸਿ ਜੀਉ ॥ ਸਤਿਗੁਰੁ ਕਰੇ ਹਰਿ ਪਹਿ ਬੇਨਤੀ ਮੇਰੀ ਪੈਜ ਰਖਹੁ ਅਰਦਾਸਿ ਜੀਉ ॥
The Guru gladly accepted the Lord’s Will, and so the Guru easily reached the Lord God’s Presence. The True Guru prays to the Lord, “”Please, save my honor. This is my prayer””.
ਪੈਜ ਰਾਖਹੁ ਹਰਿ ਜਨਹ ਕੇਰੀ ਹਰਿ ਦੇਹੁ ਨਾਮੁ ਨਿਰੰਜਨੋ ॥ ਅੰਤਿ ਚਲਦਿਆ ਹੋਇ ਬੇਲੀ ਜਮਦੂਤ ਕਾਲੁ ਨਿਖੰਜਨੋ ॥
Please save the honor of Your humble servant, O Lord; please bless him with Your Immaculate Name. At this time of final departure, it is our only help and support; it destroys death, and the Messenger of Death.
Sundar Ji assures that Guru Amar Das’s prayer (Ardas) was heard and as a result Guru Ji advised his Sikhs to do the same in order to receive blessings of Waheguru in order to depart peacefully at the time of death:-
– ਸਤਿਗੁਰੂ ਕੀ ਬੇਨਤੀ ਪਾਈ ਹਰਿ ਪ੍ਰਭਿ ਸੁਣੀ ਅਰਦਾਸਿ ਜੀਉ ॥ ਹਰਿ ਧਾਰਿ ਕਿਰਪਾ ਸਤਿਗੁਰੁ ਮਿਲਾਇਆ ਧਨੁ ਧਨੁ ਕਹੈ ਸਾਬਾਸਿ ਜੀਉ ॥੨॥
The Lord God heard the prayer of the True Guru, and granted His request. The Lord showered His Mercy, and blended the True Guru with Himself; He said, “”Blessed! Blessed! Wonderful!””||2||
ਮੇਰੇ ਸਿਖ ਸੁਣਹੁ ਪੁਤ ਭਾਈਹੋ ਮੇਰੈ ਹਰਿ ਭਾਣਾ ਆਉ ਮੈ ਪਾਸਿ ਜੀਉ ॥ ਹਰਿ ਭਾਣਾ ਗੁਰ ਭਾਇਆ ਮੇਰਾ ਹਰਿ ਪ੍ਰਭੁ ਕਰੇ ਸਾਬਾਸਿ ਜੀਉ ॥
Listen O my Sikhs, my children and Siblings of Destiny; it is my Lord’s Will that I must now go to Him. The Guru gladly accepted the Lord’s Will, and my Lord God applauded Him.
Baba Sundar Ji sums up the spiritual awastha of Guru Amar Das Ji and likewise of other enlightened souls who accept the Will of Waheguru to stay blessed:-
– ਭਗਤੁ ਸਤਿਗੁਰੁ ਪੁਰਖੁ ਸੋਈ ਜਿਸੁ ਹਰਿ ਪ੍ਰਭ ਭਾਣਾ ਭਾਵਏ II ਆਨੰਦ ਅਨਹਦ ਵਜਹਿ ਵਾਜੇ ਹਰਿ ਆਪਿ ਗਲਿ ਮੇਲਾਵਏ ॥
One who is pleased with the Lord God’s Will is a devotee, the True Guru, the Primal Lord. The unstruck sound current of bliss resounds and vibrates; the Lord hugs him close in His embrace.
– ਤੁਸੀ ਪੁਤ ਭਾਈ ਪਰਵਾਰੁ ਮੇਰਾ ਮਨਿ ਵੇਖਹੁ ਕਰਿ ਨਿਰਜਾਸਿ ਜੀਉ ॥ ਧੁਰਿ ਲਿਖਿਆ ਪਰਵਾਣਾ ਫਿਰੈ ਨਾਹੀ ਗੁਰੁ ਜਾਇ ਹਰਿ ਪ੍ਰਭ ਪਾਸਿ ਜੀਉ ॥੩॥
O my children, siblings and family, look carefully in your minds, and see. The pre-ordained death warrant cannot be avoided; the Guru is going to be with the Lord God. ||3||
According to Sundar Ji, Guru Amar Das just before his passing away summoned his Sikhs and relatives and he stressed on the acceptance of Will of Waheguru and went on to to advised them the following:-
1. Death is inevitable and one should accept it as the Will of Waheguru.
2. Crying and weeping is not to be practiced
3. Prescribed Keertan and Katha of Gurbani and reciting and contemplating on Waheguru Naam including Akand or Sehaj Paths of Gurbani (now of Guru Granth Sahib).
4. Forbidding of Pilgrimage to the so called holy places and other empty rituals for the peace of departed soul.
1. ਸਤਿਗੁਰਿ ਭਾਣੈ ਆਪਣੈ ਬਹਿ ਪਰਵਾਰੁ ਸਦਾਇਆ ॥
The True Guru, in His Own Sweet Will, sat up and summoned His family.
2. ਮਤ ਮੈ ਪਿਛੈ ਕੋਈ ਰੋਵਸੀ ਸੋ ਮੈ ਮੂਲਿ ਨ ਭਾਇਆ ॥
Let no one weep for me after I am gone. That would not please me at all.
…………….
3. ਅੰਤੇ ਸਤਿਗੁਰੁ ਬੋਲਿਆ ਮੈ ਪਿਛੈ ਕੀਰਤਨੁ ਕਰਿਅਹੁ ਨਿਰਬਾਣੁ ਜੀਉ ॥ ਹਰਿ ਕਥਾ ਪੜੀਐ ਹਰਿ ਨਾਮੁ ਸੁਣੀਐ ਬੇਬਾਣੁ ਹਰਿ ਰੰਗੁ ਗੁਰ ਭਾਵਏ ॥
Finally, the True Guru said, “”When I am gone, sing Kirtan in Praise of the Lord, in Nirvaanaa.”” Call in the long-haired scholarly Saints of the Lord, to read the sermon of the Lord, Har, Har. Read the sermon of the Lord, and listen to the Lord’s Name; the Guru is pleased with love for the Lord.
4. ਪਿੰਡੁ ਪਤਲਿ ਕਿਰਿਆ ਦੀਵਾ ਫੁਲ ਹਰਿ ਸਰਿ ਪਾਵਏ ॥ ਹਰਿ ਭਾਇਆ ਸਤਿਗੁਰੁ ਬੋਲਿਆ ਹਰਿ ਮਿਲਿਆ ਪੁਰਖੁ ਸੁਜਾਣੁ ਜੀਉ ॥
Do not bother with offering rice-balls on leaves, lighting lamps, and other rituals like floating the body out on the Ganges; instead, let my remains be given up to the Lord’s Pool. The Lord was pleased as the True Guru spoke; he was blended then with the all-knowing Primal Lord God.
As an elder man, Guru Amar Das Ji set an example for us by resolving the family disputes amicably before his departure. He left the legacy that as a matter of our duty we should try to resolve any misgivings and restore the rights of individuals in assigning positions of authority and distribution of wealth and property etc before departing from this World.
ਰਾਮਦਾਸ ਸੋਢੀ ਤਿਲਕੁ ਦੀਆ ਗੁਰ ਸਬਦੁ ਸਚੁ ਨੀਸਾਣੁ ਜੀਉ ॥੫॥ (Baba Sundar, GGS. 924-1).
The Guru then blessed the Sodhi Ram Das with the ceremonial tilak mark, the insignia of the True Word of the Sabd. ||5||
ਸਤਿਗੁਰੁ ਪੁਰਖੁ ਜਿ ਬੋਲਿਆ ਗੁਰਸਿਖਾ ਮੰਨਿ ਲਈ ਰਜਾਇ ਜੀਉ ॥ ਮੋਹਰੀ ਪੁਤੁ ਸਨਮੁਖੁ ਹੋਇਆ ਰਾਮਦਾਸੈ ਪੈਰੀ ਪਾਇ ਜੀਉ ॥
And as the True Guru, the Primal Lord spoke, and the Gursikhs obeyed His Will. His son Mohri turned sunmukh, and become obedient to Him; he bowed, and touched Ram Das’ feet.
ਸਭ ਪਵੈ ਪੈਰੀ ਸਤਿਗੁਰੂ ਕੇਰੀ ਜਿਥੈ ਗੁਰੂ ਆਪੁ ਰਖਿਆ ॥ ਕੋਈ ਕਰਿ ਬਖੀਲੀ ਨਿਵੈ ਨਾਹੀ ਫਿਰਿ ਸਤਿਗੁਰੂ ਆਣਿ ਨਿਵਾਇਆ ॥
Then, everyone bowed and touched the feet of Ram Das, into whom the Guru infused His essence. And any that did not bow then because of envy – later, the True Guru brought them around to bow in humility.
ਹਰਿ ਗੁਰਹਿ ਭਾਣਾ ਦੀਈ ਵਡਿਆਈ ਧੁਰਿ ਲਿਖਿਆ ਲੇਖੁ ਰਜਾਇ ਜੀਉ ॥ ਕਹੈ ਸੁੰਦਰੁ ਸੁਣਹੁ ਸੰਤਹੁ ਸਭੁ ਜਗਤੁ ਪੈਰੀ ਪਾਇ ਜੀਉ ॥੬॥੧॥
It pleased the Guru, the Lord, to bestow glorious greatness upon Him; such was the preordained destiny of the Lord’s Will.
Says Sundar, listen, O Saints: all the world fell at His feet. ||6||1||
Guru Arjan Dev Ji further strengthened the sentiments expressed by Sundar Ji at the time of our death in his Bani to emphasize that our Jeevan-Maran is in the hands of Waheguru and that we should always accept the Will of Waheguru as Divine Hukam: –
– ਮਾਰੈ ਰਾਖੈ ਏਕੋ ਆਪਿ ॥ ਮਾਨੁਖ ਕੈ ਕਿਛੁ ਨਾਹੀ ਹਾਥਿ ॥ (Raag Gauri M. 5, GGS. 281-4).
The One Lord Himself destroys and also preserves. Nothing at all is in the hands of mortal beings.
ਤਿਸ ਕਾ ਹੁਕਮੁ ਬੂਝਿ ਸੁਖੁ ਹੋਇ ॥ ਤਿਸ ਕਾ ਨਾਮੁ ਰਖੁ ਕੰਠਿ ਪਰੋਇ ॥
Understanding His Order, there is peace. So take His Name, and wear it as your necklace.
To follow the example set by Guru Amar Das Ji, Guru Ram Das Ji immediately on succeeding Guru Ji prescribed the following GURMAT code of Conduct to shape one’s life for a meaningful living (JEEVAN JAJ as a Gur-Sikh/GURMUKH):-
ਗੁਰ ਸਤਿਗੁਰ ਕਾ ਜੋ ਸਿਖੁ ਅਖਾਏ ਸੁ ਭਲਕੇ ਉਠਿ ਹਰਿ ਨਾਮੁ ਧਿਆਵੈ ॥ ਉਦਮੁ ਕਰੇ ਭਲਕੇ ਪਰਭਾਤੀ ਇਸਨਾਨੁ ਕਰੇ ਅੰਮ੍ਰਿਤ ਸਰਿ ਨਾਵੈ ॥ (Raag Gauri M. 4, GGS. 305-16).
One who calls himself a Sikh of the Guru the True Guru shall rise in the early morning hours and meditate on the Lord’s Name. Upon arising early in the morning, he is to bathe, and cleanse himself in the pool of nectar.
ਉਪਦੇਸਿ ਗੁਰੂ ਹਰਿ ਹਰਿ ਜਪੁ ਜਾਪੈ ਸਭਿ ਕਿਲਵਿਖ ਪਾਪ ਦੋਖ ਲਹਿ ਜਾਵੈ ॥ ਫਿਰਿ ਚੜੈ ਦਿਵਸੁ ਗੁਰਬਾਣੀ ਗਾਵੈ ਬਹਦਿਆ ਉਠਦਿਆ ਹਰਿ ਨਾਮੁ ਧਿਆਵੈ ॥
Following the Instructions of the Guru, he is to chant the Name of the Lord, Har, Har. All sins, misdeeds and negativity shall be erased. Then, at the rising of the sun, he is to sing Gurbani; whether sitting down or standing up, he is to meditate on the Lord’s Name.
ਜੋ ਸਾਸਿ ਗਿਰਾਸਿ ਧਿਆਏ ਮੇਰਾ ਹਰਿ ਹਰਿ ਸੋ ਗੁਰਸਿਖੁ ਗੁਰੂ ਮਨਿ ਭਾਵੈ ॥ ਜਿਸ ਨੋ ਦਇਆਲੁ ਹੋਵੈ ਮੇਰਾ ਸੁਆਮੀ ਤਿਸੁ ਗੁਰਸਿਖ ਗੁਰੂ ਉਪਦੇਸੁ ਸੁਣਾਵੈ ॥
One who meditates on my Lord, Har, Har, with every breath and every morsel of food – that GurSikh becomes pleasing to the Guru’s Mind. That person, unto whom my Lord and Master is kind and compassionate – upon that GurSikh, the Guru’s Teachings are bestowed.
ਜਨੁ ਨਾਨਕੁ ਧੂੜਿ ਮੰਗੈ ਤਿਸੁ ਗੁਰਸਿਖ ਕੀ ਜੋ ਆਪਿ ਜਪੈ ਅਵਰਹ ਨਾਮੁ ਜਪਾਵੈ ॥੨॥
Servant Nanak begs for the dust of the feet of that GurSikh, who himself chants the Naam, and inspires others to chant it. ||2||
Guru Arjan Ji further reinforces the advise of Guru Ram Das Ji to live a life of a Gurmukh who is always imbued with Waheguru Naam:-
– ਗੁਰ ਨਾਨਕ ਹਰਿ ਨਾਮੁ ਦ੍ਰਿੜਾਇਆ ਭੰਨਣ ਘੜਣ ਸਮਰਥੁ ॥ ਪ੍ਰਭੁ ਸਦਾ ਸਮਾਲਹਿ ਮਿਤ੍ਰ ਤੂ ਦੁਖੁ ਸਬਾਇਆ ਲਥੁ ॥੧॥
(Raag Gauri M. 5, GGS. 317-3)
Guru Nanak implanted the Naam, the Name of the Lord, within me; He is All-powerful, to create and destroy. Remember God forever, my friend, and all your suffering will disappear. ||1||
May Waheguru bless us to learn to compose ourselves on the loss of loved one’s and follow Gurmat teachings to cope with inevitable loss which is in the design of Waheguru.
Kirpal Singh
Wellington, New Zealand
kirpal2singh@yahoo.com